Why not use the built-in priority filters ?

About your issue: You're comparing a priority object with a string. This will not work.
Two solutions here:
- get the string value of the priority (or its int value):
alarmEvent.priority.toString() == "Critical"
alarmEvent.priority.intValue() == 4
- use the class attributes (I suggest using this):
alarmEvent.priority == alarmEvent.priority.Critical
example I ran in a script console:
data = system.alarm.queryStatus()
priority = data[0].priority
priority.toString() == "High"
priority.intValue >= 2
priority < data[0].priority.Critical
True
True
True
Note: You can use the >, >=, <= and < operators too when using the int value or the class attributes.