You have accents on “Umístění” in your code, but there are no accents on the column name in the dataset. Since other columns do have names with accents, I don’t think it is a failure in Ignition.
That's depends on how you read it now. You haven't told us what mechanism in Ignition created the dataset. If a simple DB query, then your DB is probably responsible.
SELECT adapter.barcode AS [Čárový_kód_adapter],
adapter.name AS Název,
adapter.forMachine AS [Pro_stroje],
adapter.numberSqueeze AS Otisků,
adapter.avergeFrom AS [Průměr_OD],
adapter.averageTo AS [Průměr_DO],
adapter.[rt] AS [3RT],
adapter.coldCanal AS [Studený_kanál],
adapter.location AS Umístění ,
adapter.ID_adapt AS [Adapter ID] ,
reject.barcode_reject AS [Čárový_kód_vybijeni],
loadGrip.barcode_loadgrip AS [Čárový_kód_nabijení] ,
machine.barcode_machine AS [Čárový_kód_stroj] ,
loadGrip.location_loadgrip AS [Umístění nabíjení],
reject.location_reject AS [Umístění vybijení] ,
machine.name AS Stroj,
reject2.barcode_reject AS[Čarový kod vybijeni],
reject2.location_reject AS [Umísteni],
reject2.numberSqueeze AS [Počet otisků]
FROM adapter
LEFT JOIN loadGrip
ON [adapter]. ID_adapt = loadGrip.loadID
LEFT JOIN machine
ON [adapter]. ID_adapt = machine.machinejID
LEFT JOIN reject
ON [adapter]. ID_adapt = reject.rejectID
LEFT JOIN reject2
ON [adapter]. ID_adapt = reject2.rejectID
WHERE adapter.barcode = :barcod